20' RF / 22R1
Reefer da 20 piedi
Container piccolo, e il gruppo frigo si prende una parte sproporzionata dello spazio. Serve un genset dal momento in cui lascia la presa del terminal.
Fuori, dentro, e la porta
Come si presenta
Specifiche
| Misura | Reefer da 20 piedi |
|---|---|
| Lunghezza esterna | 238.5″ 19′ 10.5″ |
| Larghezza esterna | 96″ 8′ |
| Altezza esterna | 102″ 8′ 6″ |
| Lunghezza interna | 212″ 17′ 8″ |
| Larghezza interna | 89″ 7′ 5″ |
| Altezza interna | 86″ 7′ 2″ |
| Larghezza porta | 89″ 7′ 5″ |
| Altezza porta | 84″ 7′ |
| Tara | 6,600 lb |
| Portata max | 60,600 lb |
| Peso legale max su strada | 34,000 lb |
| Peso lordo max | 67,200 lb |
| Capacità | 939 piedi³ |
| Chassis | Standard 20ft, plus a genset |
Questi sono valori nominali per questo tipo di attrezzatura. I container reali variano per costruttore, compagnia e anno, e la tara è stampigliata sulla porta dell'unità che le arriva. Ci mandi il numero del container e lo verifichiamo su quello vero.
What a 20ft reefer is
A 20ft reefer is a refrigerated container in the short box: an insulated steel shell with a refrigeration unit built into the front wall and a T section floor that delivers air along the deck. Outside it matches a dry 20, about 19 ft 10.5 in long, 8 ft wide and 8 ft 6 in tall. Inside, the nominal figures are roughly 17 ft 8 in by 7 ft 5 in by 7 ft 2 in, with a door opening around 7 ft 5 in wide by 7 ft tall, and about 939 cu ft of space.
Those interior numbers are the point of the page. A fifth of the box is gone before any freight goes in, taken by the machinery at one end and the insulation everywhere else. Typical tare is near 6,600 lb against a dry 20's 4,850, and the tare stencilled on the door of the unit you receive is the one to plan against.
When a 20ft reefer is the right box
It is for temperature controlled freight that is dense, or small in volume, or going somewhere a longer box cannot reach. Seafood, pharmaceuticals, specialist produce, anything where the pallet count is modest and the value is high. Against a 40ft reefer it gives you 939 cu ft rather than 2,002, and against a 40ft high cube reefer less again, so the choice follows the cargo rather than habit.
Against a reefer trailer, the difference is what the freight is doing. A container is the right answer when the cold chain starts or ends at sea and the same box moves through. A reefer trailer is the right answer for a domestic run, and transloading a container into one at a dock near the port can be the cheaper way to get freight up the state, since it releases the line's box and stops the per diem clock on it.
What people get wrong: the genset, and the weight
A reefer is only refrigerated while it is plugged in. At the terminal that is shore power. On the road it is a clip on genset, and that genset weighs something: plan on roughly 3,000 lb with fuel. The published road figure for this box is about 36,000 lb of cargo on a standard chassis and around 40,000 lb on a tri-axle, and both are written as though nothing were hanging off the container. Fit a genset and each is about three thousand pounds optimistic.
The weight also lands badly. A 20 rides forward and puts its load over a single set of tandems, so the tandem cap and the bridge formula stop it long before the combination reaches 80,000 lb. That is why a 20 has a tri-axle figure at all. The second common error is loading: stack above the load line and you close the air return, and a unit that cannot circulate will hold a perfect set point at the machinery end while the door end drifts.
What to send to get it booked
The container number, the steamship line and the terminal, as with any box, and then the things that belong to a reefer. The set point and the units it is written in. What the commodity is. Whether the freight is already at temperature or expects to be pulled down, since a reefer holds a temperature rather than creating one.
Say whether a genset is needed and for how long, because it is equipment that has to be on the chassis before the truck reaches the gate rather than found afterwards. Add the cargo weight from the bill of lading, remembering the genset comes out of the same 80,000 lb. And say whether the delivery has a plug: a box that arrives before the receiver can take it either keeps running on diesel or starts losing the cold chain.
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Does a 20ft reefer need a genset?
Once it leaves the terminal, yes, if the cargo has to stay cold. Inside the terminal the box is plugged into shore power. The moment it comes off that plug the refrigeration unit needs its own diesel generator, normally a clip on genset hung on the container or the chassis. A reefer with no power is an insulated box, and insulation slows a temperature change in South Florida heat rather than preventing one.
How much does a genset take off the payload?
Plan on roughly 3,000 lb, since a clip on unit with fuel generally runs somewhere between 2,500 and 3,300 lb depending on the model and how full its tank is. That weight is part of the combination, so it comes straight out of what you can legally load. Every road weight figure for a reefer is written as though the genset were not there, which means it is about three thousand pounds optimistic the moment one is fitted.
Why is a 20ft reefer so much smaller inside than a 20ft dry?
Because of the two things that make it a reefer: insulation in every wall, and the refrigeration machinery built into the front end. The machinery takes well over a foot of length on its own, which is why the interior runs about 17 ft 8 in against a dry 20's 19 ft 4 in, and the insulation narrows and lowers the rest. The result is roughly 939 cu ft against 1,172, a fifth of the box gone before anything is loaded.
Does a reefer hold temperature while it is on the road?
Only while it has power. Running on a genset the unit holds the set point the same way it does on shore power, and the set point should already be right before the freight goes in rather than being used to pull warm cargo down. Without a genset the box coasts on its insulation, which buys hours rather than days, and in Miami summer heat that window is shorter than most shippers assume.
Can I load a 20ft reefer to the ceiling?
No, and this is the loading mistake that spoils cargo rather than the one that breaks a law. Cold air is delivered along the floor through the T section decking and has to return over the top of the load to the machinery end. Stack past the load line marked inside and the return path closes, so the unit reads its own delivered air, thinks it has done its job and lets the far end of the box warm up.
Quali sono le misure interne di un Reefer da 20 piedi?
Lunghezza, larghezza e altezza interne sono nella tabella delle specifiche di questa pagina, accanto alle misure esterne e all'apertura della porta. È l'apertura della porta a decidere se una macchina ci passa, ed è più piccola dell'interno.
Che chassis serve per un Reefer da 20 piedi?
Standard 20ft, plus a genset. Lo chassis lo portiamo noi, così la prenotazione non dipende da cosa il terminal ha disponibile quella mattina.
Lo gestite in sovrappeso?
Sì, con lo chassis giusto e il permesso giusto. Il sovrappeso è una questione a parte rispetto alla dimensione del container, e i porti hanno limiti propri oltre a quelli dello stato.
Da dove ritirate un Reefer da 20 piedi?
Port of Miami, Port Everglades, Port of Palm Beach, POMTOC, South Florida Container Terminal, Seaboard Marine, Florida International Terminal, Port Everglades Terminal, Crowley, King Ocean, MSC, Tropical Shipping, Antillean Marine, FEC Port Everglades ICTF, FEC Hialeah rail ramp and CSX ramp.
Cos'è il last free day?
L'ultimo giorno in cui il suo container può restare dentro il terminal prima che partano gli addebiti di stoccaggio. Se lo si supera, il demurrage matura ogni giorno, ed è per questo che un pre-pull costa quasi sempre meno dell'attesa.
Cos'è un pre-pull?
Ritiriamo il container dal terminal prima che lei sia pronto e lo teniamo in un piazzale. Ferma il demurrage a tariffe di terminal e toglie pressione ai suoi orari di ricevimento.
Che differenza c'è tra demurrage, per diem e detention?
Tre addebiti diversi, da soggetti diversi. Il demurrage è il terminal che le addebita la merce ferma dentro il gate oltre il tempo libero. Il per diem è la compagnia di navigazione che le addebita il suo container tenuto fuori oltre il tempo libero. Il detention è il tempo del trasportatore, addebitato quando un autista aspetta alla sua banchina oltre la finestra libera. Possono correre insieme, ed è così che una fattura diventa pesante in fretta.
Come ottengo una tariffa?
Ci mandi la tratta, il mezzo, la dimensione del container e il porto, e le rispondiamo con un numero. Preventivi e dispatch 24 ore su 24 a quotes@dariaslogistics.com.
Cosa comprende davvero un preventivo di drayage?
Il trasporto in sé, più gli accessori che poi sorprendono: chassis, pre-pull, per diem, demurrage, detention e stoccaggio. Preferiamo indicarli subito piuttosto che aggiungerli a una fattura.